Back Pain Causes And Prevention

Back pain is one of the most common reasons people go to the doctor or miss work, and it is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Fortunately, you can take measures to prevent or relieve most back pain episodes. If prevention fails, simple home treatment and proper body mechanics often will heal your back within a few weeks and keep it functional. Surgery is rarely needed to treat back pain.




Back Pain Causes

Back pain often happens because something is off in the way your spinal joints, muscles, discs, and nerves fit together and move.  Your doctor can check to see if you have:


Herniated or slipped discs: If your doctor mentions this, the soft tissue in the discs between your joints has come out. It's usually caused by wear and tear. Herniated discs can cause pain in your lower back or hip because the nerves there are pressed.


Degenerative disc disease: The discs, or “shock absorbers” between your spine's vertebrae, shrink or tear. That causes the bones to rub together. This may happen as you get older.


Inflammation and wear of the sacroiliac joint: This lies where your spine and pelvis come together. It doesn't move much, but it's important because it moves the load of the upper body to the lower body. Swelling and wearing away of the joint cartilage can happen after an injury, because of arthritis, infection, or even pregnancy.


Spinal stenosis: If you have this, your spinal canal has narrowed. That adds pressure on your spine and nerves. As a result, your legs and shoulders probably feel numb. This happens to many people older than 60.


Cervical radiculopathy: This is a pinched nerve. It's usually caused by a bone spur or a herniated disc.


Spondylolisthesis: A bone in the spine slips forward and out of place, typically in the lower back. The degenerative form of this condition is arthritis, which weakens the joints and ligaments keeping the spine aligned. It can cause a disc to move forward over a vertebra.


Accidents and Injuries

Car accidents, falls, muscle sprains, strains, and fractures are also causes of back pain. Injuries can lead to some of the physical problems, but some can cause pain all on their own.


Spine or vertebral fractures: A break to your spine can be causes by a hit to the back, a fall, or if you have osteoporosis, a condition that weakens your bones.


Sprains and strains: Injuries to ligaments, muscles, and tendons that support the spine and its joints can lead to back pain. This often happens when you lift something and twist at the same time. It can also happen because of car accidents and sports injuries.


Spasms: You can get these when muscles and tendons are torn in your lower back. They usually happen when you're weightlifting or playing sports.


Lifestyle Triggers

Back pain can be brought on by things you do - or don't do - in your day-to-day life, like:


Slouching at your desk

Lifting heavy objects

Being overweight

Not exercising

Smoking

Wearing high heels


Prevention


You might avoid back pain or prevent its recurrence by improving your physical condition and learning and practicing proper body mechanics.


To keep your back healthy and strong:


Exercise. Regular low-impact aerobic activities - those that don't strain or jolt your back - can increase strength and endurance in your back and allow your muscles to function better. Walking and swimming are good choices. Talk with your doctor about which activities you might try.


Build muscle strength and flexibility. Abdominal and back muscle exercises, which strengthen your core, help condition these muscles so that they work together like a natural corset for your back.


Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight strains back muscles. If you're overweight, trimming down can prevent back pain.


Quit smoking. Smoking increases your risk of low back pain. The risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, so quitting should help reduce this risk.


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